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 We also extend to our fellow member Norris McDonald, our sincere sympathy in the loss of his father. Those members who assisted in the search, which lasted for almost a month, will be glad to hear the uncertainty has now ended. Mr. McDonald's body was found at West Pennant Hills in very thick scrub at the bottom of a 30 ft cliff from which he appears to have fallen.
-AT OUR OWN kEETING
+=====At Our Own Meeting=====
-On September 9th there was quite a large attendance at the Half-yearly Meeting because word had gone round that there were prospect f a fight - and everyone knows how S.B.W. members love a fight. However, the President opened the meeting on a very happy note by officially welcoming Mrs. John Truscott, much better known to everyone as "Griff".
-Included in the Correspondence were the acceptance with regret of Frank Mort's resignation from the club; a circular from the Federation asking members to attend its An-mai Meeting on October 17th and to produce idcias for the benefit of walking movement, also asking for volunteers prepared to give lectures to outside organisations to let DIr. Loder of the Trampers' Club of N.S.W. have their names; and from the Search & Rescue Section of the Federation a letter of thanks to those who took part in the recent "practice" week-end.
+On September 9th there was quite a large attendance at the Half-yearly Meeting because word had gone round that there were prospects of a fight - and everyone knows how S.B.W. members love a fight. However, the President opened the meeting on a very happy note by officially welcoming Mrs. John Truscott, much better known to everyone as "Griff".
-The President called for a volunteer to act as Room Steward for the ensuing month, but, as none was forthcoming, Mrs. Iris Barrett (Roxy) was elected on the nomination of Mr.Arnold Barrett.
-The Motion, of which Notice has been duly given, then came up for consideration. It was proposed by Kr.Chardon, and read:-
+Included in the Correspondence were the acceptance with regret of Frank Mort's resignation from the club; a circular from the Federation asking members to attend its Annual Meeting on October 17th and to produce ideas for the benefit of walking movement, also asking for volunteers prepared to give lectures to outside organisations to let Mr. Loder of the Trampers' Club of N.S.W. have their names; and from the Search & Rescue Section of the Federation a letter of thanks to those who took part in the recent "practice" week-end.
-"That this Club move for proportionate representation on the Council of the Federation and that the proportion be 1 delegate for every 50 members"
-After a great deal of discussion, during which one proposed amendment was lost, and another amendment (moved by Mr. Debert) was carried, the meeting carried the altered motion as follows-
+The President called for a volunteer to act as Room Steward for the ensuing month, but, as none was forthcoming, Mrs. Iris Barrett (Roxy) was elected on the nomination of Mr. Arnold Barrett.
-"That this Club move for proportionate representation on the Council of the Federation and th'=t the proportion be 05 members 2 delegates, 76/150 members 3 delegrtes, 151/300 members 4 delegates, above 300 members 5 delegates, with s limit of five delegates."
-After a small amount of general business had been attended to, on the motion of Mr. J.V. Turner, the meeting went into committee to discuss the activities of the Federation. As a result of this discussion, S.B.W. members should take to the Federation's Annul hooting a number of definite ideas for the benefit of the walking movement as a whole.
+The Motion, of which Notice has been duly given, then came up for consideration. It was proposed by Mr.Chardon, and read:-
-CLUB_ GOSSIP
-Club members who knew old-time member, Norm-n Saul, will be delighted to hear that he has been appointed electrical engineer at the Commonwealth Bank, Head Office, in Sydney. He always wanted to return to his home town, Sydney, and it is pleasing to know thet he now has a bank behind him as well as a wife.
+"That this Club move for proportionate representation on the Council of the Federation and that the proportion be 1 delegate for every 50 members."
-Country member, Jimmie Muir, was in town during September, with his fiancee, Miss Margot Aurousseau. One week-end be spent on the Upper Cox with an S.B.W. party, who all enjoyed seeing Jimmie again. We all join with them in wishing Jimmie and his future wife "all the best".
-Of course, you all know about Dave Stead's pet snake; and you have heard of Jack Debert and the wombat; but have you he rd of Tim Coffey's pet bandicoot? Even "Tigers" have their tender moments!
+After a great deal of discussion, during which one proposed amendment was lost, and another amendment (moved by Mr. Debert) was carried, the meeting carried the altered motion as follows:-
-TWENTY 7TI,V.E BLT.SHWALKERS MAKE HISTU)
+"That this Club move for proportionate representation on the Council of the Federation and that the proportion be 1/75 members 2 delegates, 76/150 members 3 delegates, 151/300 members 4 delegates, above 300 members 5 delegates, with a limit of five delegates."
+After a small amount of general business had been attended to, on the motion of Mr. J.V. Turner, the meeting went into committee to discuss the activities of the Federation. As a result of this discussion, S.B.W. members should take to the Federation's Annual Meeting a number of definite ideas for the benefit of the walking movement as a whole.
+=====Club Gossip=====
+Club members who knew old-time member, Norman Saul, will be delighted to hear that he has been appointed electrical engineer at the Commonwealth Bank, Head Office, in Sydney. He always wanted to return to his home town, Sydney, and it is pleasing to know that he now has a bank behind him as well as a wife.
+Country member, Jimmie Muir, was in town during September, with his fiancee, Miss Margot Aurousseau. One week-end he spent on the Upper Cox with an S.B.W. party, who all enjoyed seeing Jimmie again. We all join with them in wishing Jimmie and his future wife "all the best".
+Of course, you all know about Dave Stead's pet snake; and you have heard of Jack Debert and the wombat; but have you heard of Tim Coffey's pet bandicoot? Even "Tigers" have their tender moments!
+=====Twenty-Five Bushwalkers Make History=====
 by Yvonne Douglas.
-Saturday, August 6th, was a lovely day, bright and sunny, and Blaxland was gay with wattle. The Sunday being Johnnie Wood's birthday, twenty-nine of us set off for St.Helena to celebrate.
+Saturday, August 6th, was a lovely day, bright and sunny, and Blaxland was gay with wattle. The Sunday being Johnnie Wood's birthday, twenty-nine of us set off for St. Helena to celebrate.
 After our leaders (those few who had been before from Blaxland) had decided which road to take, and had held various consultations on the route, the rest of
-us had a meeting. However we all got under way eventually, and soon found ourselves tumbling down a very steep incline to Glenbrook Creek. This spot on the creek is very pretty; ferns -nd creepers abound, malcing a contrast with the other hill, which is very rocky and barren. The least said about this lump of rocks and boulders the better. It is a "helluva" climb, but undaunted by such obstacles, we re-ched the top. From here the going w;s good, and very ehortly we arrived at St.Helena very proud of ourselves. We had been told that to get lost was the thing to do when going to St.Helena+, and here we were, all safe and sounds the whole twenty-nine of us: But, alas! Pride indeed goeth before a fall (as we were to find out).
+us had a meeting. However we all got under way eventually, and soon found ourselves tumbling down a very steep incline to Glenbrook Creek. This spot on the creek is very pretty; ferns and creepers abound, making a contrast with the other hill, which is very rocky and barren. The least said about this lump of rocks and boulders the better. It is a "helluva" climb, but, undaunted by such obstacles, we reached the top. From here the going was good, and very shortly we arrived at St. Helena very proud of ourselves. We had been told that to get lost was the thing to do when going to St. Helena, and here we were, all safe and sound, the whole twenty-nine of us! But, alas! Pride indeed goeth before a fall (as we were to find out).
-St.Helena is certainly a lovely spot for 8 party, and, to make it specially beautiful for the occasion, the moon (which was nearly full) lent her aid to these our solemnities:I! After tea we all gathered round the fire and sang songs and rounds in approved Bushwalker style, interspersed with some "Bean-eries". Uhen food and drink for the multitide were prepered, Richard produced a cake complete with the correct number of candles. John as per usual - was fast asleep end had to be Woken up to cut the cake!
-Sunday was misty and dull, and we all made that a good reason for sleeping in. However, by 10.30 a m. we were all up and either finished or half way through breakfast. Some energetic ones even went for a walk, while the rest of us talked, and did our chores. About 11 o'clock it started to rain, and we took shelter in a hut and our tents. After an early lunch we packed up reedy to leave, our objective being to catch the 5.10 p m. train. Alas and alack what hopes We had.
+St. Helena is certainly a lovely spot for a party, and, to make it specially beautiful for the occasion, the moon (which was nearly full) lent her aid to these our solemnities!!! After tea we all gathered round the fire and sang songs and rounds in approved Bushwalker style, interspersed with some "Bean-eries". When food and drink for the multitude were prepared, Richard produced a cake complete with the correct number of candles. John - as per usual - was fast asleep end had to be Woken up to cut the cake!
-Some of the parfy left about 1.30 or 2 o'clock, and by 2.50 p m the last eight of us were on the way, Climbing out of St.Helena, we struck a good track and were walking briskly along when, low and behold, before us We saw hordes of bushwalkers attacking us on all sides. After a while we managed to grasp the fact that we were all lost, and were making for the wrong ridge. hay, Ada, and Hoc were missing, also Dune and Roxy. Vie proceeded for a while,. keeping well to the left, which we were soon to discover was not right.
-We were on a good track for quite a while, when, suddenly, it stopped dead on the edge of the ridge. Down below we could see a track which we thought must be the Sassafras Gully track, while, strung out like a string of sausages, we could see all the mountain stations from Gleabrook to Katoomba.
+Sunday was misty and dull, and we all made that a good reason for sleeping in. However, by 10.30 a.m. we were all up and either finished or half way through breakfast. Some energetic ones even went for a walk, while the rest of us talked, and did our chores. About 11 o'clock it started to rain, and we took shelter in a hut and our tents. After an early lunch we packed up ready to leave, our objective being to catch the 5.10 p.m. train. Alas and alack what hopes We had.
-Some wanted to go down to the crook and walk to Springwood, but we decided that the best thing to do was to follow louldy's suggestion and go back to a flat,
-rocky spot that we all remembered passing on Saturday. Jock was heading for Burragorang, or some place, and the Beans and Hoc were still missing. It was still dull and misty, but we were just beginning to enjoy ourselves.
+Some of the party left about 1.30 or 2 o'clock, and by 2.50 p.m. the last eight of us were on the way. Climbing out of St.Helena, we struck a good track and were walking briskly along when, low and behold, before us we saw hordes of bushwalkers attacking us on all sides. After a while we managed to grasp the fact that we were all lost, and were making for the wrong ridge. Ray, Ada, and Hec were missing, also Dunc and Roxy. We proceeded for a while, keeping well to the left, which we were soon to discover was not right.
-Richard collected Jock and we all set off back to the aforementioned rocky spot. Reaching this, we decided to keep well down to the right, and, to our satisfaction, we soon began to notice familiar things around us, or so we thought. We were just sailing along nicely, thinking We were on the right track at last, when, right in the middle of our path, we saw Dune and Roxy, also lost. They had been way out on the ridge and down a bit, but thought the best plan was to coma back and get their bearings again.
+We were on a good track for quite a while, when, suddenly, it stopped dead on the edge of the ridge. Down below we could see a track which we thought must be the Sassafras Gully track, while, strung out like a string of sausages, we could see all the mountain stations from Glenbrook to Katoomba.
+Some wanted to go down to the creek and walk to Springwood, but we decided that the best thing to do was to follow Mouldy's suggestion and go back to a flat,
+rocky spot that we all remembered passing on Saturday. Jock was heading for Burragorang, or some place, and the Beans and Hec were still missing. It was still dull and misty, but we were just beginning to enjoy ourselves.
+Richard collected Jock and we all set off back to the aforementioned rocky spot. Reaching this, we decided to keep well down to the right, and, to our satisfaction, we soon began to notice familiar things around us, or so we thought. We were just sailing along nicely, thinking we were on the right track at last, when, right in the middle of our path, we saw Dunc and Roxy, also lost. They had been way out on the ridge and down a bit, but thought the best plan was to come back and get their bearings again.
 By this time we missed Ralph, and, as things were beginning to look serious,
-we decided to take the next ridge and go dom.. A shout from Iiilbur informed us that he was on a track of sorts, so we all made a bee line for him, and stuck like glue. Walking briskly, we soon started the descent to the creek. By this time we were thoroughly dirty around the legs and feet, but nevertheless We were all happy.
+we decided to take the next ridge and go down.. A shout from Wilbur informed us that he was on a track of sorts, so we all made a bee line for him, and stuck like glue. Walking briskly, we soon started the descent to the creek. By this time we were thoroughly dirty around the legs and feet, but nevertheless we were all happy.
-Arriving at Blaxland, imagine our surprise and humiliation to find that Ilay.22LA of all people had caught the 5.10 p m. train. Ralph was waiting for us on the station, and told us the details. Ray, Ada, Hoc and Ralph had arrived at Blaxland about 4.30 p m. 1 We'll never be able to lave this down1
-.111.......m..,11.,.11...........
+Arriving at Blaxland, imagine our surprise and humiliation to find that __Ray Bean__ of all people had caught the 5.10 p.m. train. Ralph was waiting for us on the station, and told us the details. Ray, Ada, Hec and Ralph had arrived at Blaxland about 4.30 p.m.! We'll never be able to live this down!
-FIRE BUILDING UNDER ADVERSE CONDITIONS
+=====Fire Building Under Adverse Conditions=====
 by Warren N. Watson.
-(Ed.Note: The following extract is taken from an article in one of the "Bulletins") (of the Potomac Appalachism Trail Club,Washington D.C. Owing to the very different) (conditions, and timbers, there, much of the article was not ap:aicable to New (South 'Wales. After the first peragraph, th6 snowy bits have been cut.
+(Editor's Note: The following extract is taken from an article in one of the "Bulletins" of the Potomac Appalachism Trail Club, Washington D.C. Owing to the very different conditions, and timbers, there, much of the article was not applicable to New South Wales. After the first paragraph, the snowy bits have been cut.)
-Sooner or later the outdoor person will be confronted with the necessity of building a fire after a three-day rain or with stiffening fingers at low temperature and with a deep blanket of snow in the woods, Fire means not only comfort ad warm food but, as the grim records of the North reveal, life itself. Almost anyone can build a fire in dry, mild weather; not so when all is wet or the temperature is below zero, for fire building is an art. It requires practice and skill.
+Sooner or later the outdoor person will be confronted with the necessity of building a fire after a three-day rain or with stiffening fingers at low temperature and with a deep blanket of snow in the woods. Fire means not only comfort and warm food but, as the grim records of the North reveal, life itself. Almost anyone can build a fire in dry, mild weather; not so when all is wet or the temperature is below zero, for fire building is an art. It requires practice and skill.
-greenhorn, after endless delay, usually gets a heap of smoking chunks or a blistering bonfire, and when under adverse conditions he needs the fire most, he fails.
-Select a waterproof match box that gloats and can be opened when your fingers are cold, I was caught on a winter trip with a match box that I could not open with stiff fingers. 'A smooth rubber or metal cap offers no grip. To meet that problem I developed a waterproof match box with a hexagonal head that can be opened even with mittens on.
+A greenhorn, after endless delay, usually gets a heap of smoking chunks or a blistering bonfire, and when under adverse conditions he needs the fire most, he fails.
-Use only the "strike anywhere" netches and not the safety matches, since
-the letter require a special surface for striking. Paper matches are useless in cold hands, As an extra protection, dip your matches in melted paraffin or varnish. For cold-weather trips, carry a few triplets -- three matches stuck together with varnish or paraffin. A triplet can be lighted by holding between the palms of the hands when the fingers are numb. Always carry a filled match box in your pocket and another in your pack. This is your reserve supply.
+Select a waterproof match box that floats and can be opened when your fingers are cold. I was caught on a winter trip with a match box that I could not open with stiff fingers. A smooth rubber or metal cap offers no grip. To meet that problem I developed a waterproof match box with a hexagonal head that can be opened even with mittens on.
-The "persuader" is a rubber tubing, two feet in length and three sixteenths of an inch in diameter, preferably ending in a 3" mdtal tube having a f'.....tened tip. If you cannot get a metal tube, carry the rubber tubing, for it is an indisgensable aid in blowing up a fire, like the bellows on a forge, and a god-send in wet weather.
-It is good woodsmanship to get a fire going with promptness, If you have been dumped out of a canoe, or fallen through the ice, speed countS. A candle will save your matches. Fire squares are made by dipping two-.inch pieces of Celotex wall board in melted paraffin. One will burn ten minutes. "Meta" tablets are insoluble in water and burn with a smokeless flame,
+Use only the "strike anywhere" matches and not the safety matches, since
-Carry a medium sized sheath knife. A jack-knifo will do in the summers but eannot be opened with stiff fingers.
+the latter require a special surface for striking. Paper matches are useless in cold hands. As an extra protection, dip your matches in melted paraffin or varnish. For cold-weather trips, carry a few triplets -- three matches stuck together with varnish or paraffin. A triplet can be lighted by holding between the palms of the hands when the fingers are numb. Always carry a filled match box in your pocket and another in your pack. This is your reserve supply.
-FIRE MAKING: In dry weather, dead, sound twigs from trees make good kindling material when they are stacked up in tepee or tripod fashion with larger twigs and split limbs added after lighting for building up the fire,
-- 7 -
+The "persuader" is a rubber tubing, two feet in length and three sixteenths of an inch in diameter, preferably ending in a 3" metal tube having a flattened tip. If you cannot get a metal tube, carry the rubber tubing, for it is an indispensable aid in blowing up a fire, like the bellows on a forge, and a god-send in wet weather.
-After a rainstorm, however, this small stuff is too wet to burn. The outside of the big dead limbs is wet, but the inside dry. Split a three-inch limb and cut from the dry heart-wood a straight-grained piece 12 to 14 inches long and about threefourths of an inch in diameter. Point one end and hold in left hand with the other end against something solid (not your leg)* Whittle a fuzz stick, iy cutting long shavings with one end attached to the stick until you have a big cluster of shavings, all connected to the stick. Put end of fuzz stick in the groun or between two flat sticks and light the lower end of the shavings, addinF, fine splints around the fUzz stick, tepee fashion. Have your supply of kindling ready before you light your fire. Under adverse conJtions use a fire starter such as a candle, bui2d the tepee around the starter. (In N*6.W. if there is a stringy-bark tree handy, instead of cutting a fUzz stick, strip offa good supply of dry bark and use it to kindl: your fire. Ed.).
-The kinds of wood used depend upon the section of the country and the location* Use soft wood for kindling and for quick, hot fires, and hard wood for long lasting fires, and for coals for cooking. Select sound, dead limbs on the tree, avoiding
+It is good woodsmanship to get a fire going with promptness. If you have been dumped out of a canoe, or fallen through the ice, speed counts. A candle will save your matches. Fire squares are made by dipping two-inch pieces of Celotex wall board in melted paraffin. One will burn ten minutes. "Meta" tablets are insoluble in water and burn with a smokeless flame.
-punky or wct ground wood, which burns like graveyard mold. Five minutes spent in collos ting real wood will repay a thousandfold.You don't save time by picking up down wood, which is usually damp to the core or rotten. Split wood burns faster than round brauchel
-In conclusion, you cannot be too careful of your fire. Never build on peaty soil, as it will spread by burrowing beneath the surface. Clear away a large surface before starting a fife; build on sand, gravel, or a rock when possible. Know the fire laws of the State, section, or park you are in, and obey them.
+Carry a medium sized sheath knife. A jack-knife will do in the summers but cannot be opened with stiff fingers.
-A woodsman is known by his fires, and when he is done, HE PUTS THEM OUT.
-Nompm.....-.....-411..11.4ws.....
+__Fire Making:__ In dry weather, dead, sound twigs from trees make good kindling material when they are stacked up in tepee or tripod fashion with larger twigs and split limbs added after lighting for building up the fire.
-WORD FROM WIFF
-From Cape Tribulation, via Cairns,Wiff Knight wrote on the 14th August.
+After a rainstorm, however, this small stuff is too wet to burn. The outside of the big dead limbs is wet, but the inside dry. Split a three-inch limb and cut from the dry heart-wood a straight-grained piece 12 to 14 inches long and about three-fourths of an inch in diameter. Point one end and hold in left hand with the other end against something solid (not your leg). Whittle a fuzz stick, by cutting long shavings with one end attached to the stick until you have a big cluster of shavings, all connected to the stick. Put end of fuzz stick in the ground or between two flat sticks and light the lower end of the shavings, adding fine splints around the fuzz stick, tepee fashion. Have your supply of kindling ready before you light your fire. Under adverse condtions use a fire starter such as a candle, build the tepee around the starter. (In N.S.W. if there is a stringy-bark tree handy, instead of cutting a fuzz stick, strip off a good supply of dry bark and use it to kindle your fire. Ed.).
-We had a very smooth trip up, but I got an awful cold and it knocked all the good out of me. It took two weeks' sunbaking to kill it at Greene Island. We staid foul weeks at the Island and both learned to climb cocoanut palms for nuts. A, trick I learnE at Tahiti made it easy for us to get them. We had glorious weather,but very windy. I managed to catch a feed a day in fish, and roamed all over the reefs. The wife's sistel and hubby came up and spent a week at the Island with us, which was company for us.
-We came over and staid in Cairns three days; on one day we went to the Barron River and the Intake for the water supply for Cairns. The dam that catches the water
+The kinds of wood used depend upon the section of the country and the location. Use soft wood for kindling and for quick, hot fires, and hard wood for long lasting fires, and for coals for cooking. Select sound, dead limbs on the tree, avoiding punky or wet ground wood, which burns like graveyard mold. Five minutes spent in collecting real wood will repay a thousandfold. You don't save time by picking up down wood, which is usually damp to the core or rotten. Split wood burns faster than round branches.
-is no more than 10 x 12 feet and about 3ft. deep,but an endless supply coming down the
-river. The scenery was very pritty going through canefields and plantations,with a bit of excitement when our car got bogged and had to be pulled out by a caterpillar tractor.
+In conclusion, you cannot be too careful of your fire. Never build on peaty soil, as it will spread by burrowing beneath the surface. Clear away a large surface before starting a fire; build on sand, gravel, or a rock when possible. Know the fire laws of the State, section, or park you are in, and obey them.
-Then on another day we took the train to Deeral and then a launch down the Mulgrave River to the mouth to put a couple off, and back a bit and up the Russell River to see the crocks sunbaking on side of river. It was a beautiful river, with tropical vegetation right to water's edge. Of course I did not have a swim. We had our dinner on launch and went up a long way after and seen a crock on bank. The launch was taken within 20ft. of him. We clapped our hands and shouted, and he never moved a fraction of an inch. In fact he looked stuffed and put there. He could not have been long out of the water as his skin looked clean and like tortoise shell. Another WTS seen, but he was too q-uick for me. They get under water, and the river banks and bottom is mud so you would not sec them.
-Then we caught the "Morinda" to land us here, but the sea was too rough, and the flattie was full crpeople and cargo. They could not take us four, and we were taken on to Cooktown, where we spent two days before we returned. We got a car and had a trip in the bush and got stuck in the sand and spent an hour getting the car out. The
+A woodsman is known by his fires, and when he is done, **he puts them out**.
-country is very poor and dry. We went over to the Endeavour River, passed a Lutheran Mission Station and some other settlers; you would pity them living in such a place: cane( at Airdrome, and back to pub.,an ancient place nearly falling down. I don't know if what I said last time I was here about this place did it, but ti,ey have pulled down all the unsightly places that spoiled the town. It looks much better.
-We left Cooktown at six in the morning, and struck a tremendous sea. The waves came right over the boar and everywhere was wet. She seemed to stand right on end,and we had to hand on the seats. I was sick nearly all the way but the wife never got sick, but she was not too comfortable. There were only two other men passengers. The wife's sister and hubby went back to Cairns by plane.
+=====Word from Wiff=====
+====From Cape Tribulation, via Cairns, Wiff Knight wrote on the 14th August.====
+We had a very smooth trip up, but I got an awful cold and it knocked all the good out of me. It took two weeks' sunbaking to kill it at Greene Island. We stayed four weeks at the Island and both learned to climb coconut palms for nuts. A, trick I learned at Tahiti made it easy for us to get them. We had glorious weather, but very windy. I managed to catch a feed a day in fish, and roamed all over the reefs. The wife's sister and hubby came up and spent a week at the Island with us, which was company for us.
+We came over and stayed in Cairns three days; on one day we went to the Barron River and the Intake for the water supply for Cairns. The dam that catches the water is no more than 10 x 12 feet and about 3ft. deep, but an endless supply coming down the river. The scenery was very pretty going through canefields and plantations, with a bit of excitement when our car got bogged and had to be pulled out by a caterpillar tractor.
+Then on another day we took the train to Deeral and then a launch down the Mulgrave River to the mouth to put a couple off, and back a bit and up the Russell River to see the crocks sunbaking on side of river. It was a beautiful river, with tropical vegetation right to water's edge. Of course I did not have a swim. We had our dinner on launch and went up a long way after and seen a crock on bank. The launch was taken within 20ft. of him. We clapped our hands and shouted, and he never moved a fraction of an inch. In fact he looked stuffed and put there. He could not have been long out of the water as his skin looked clean and like tortoise shell. Another was seen, but he was too quick for me. They get under water, and the river banks and bottom is mud so you would not see them.
+Then we caught the "Morinda" to land us here, but the sea was too rough, and the flattie was full of people and cargo. They could not take us four, and we were taken on to Cooktown, where we spent two days before we returned. We got a car and had a trip in the bush and got stuck in the sand and spent an hour getting the car out. The country is very poor and dry. We went over to the Endeavour River, passed a Lutheran Mission Station and some other settlers; you would pity them living in such a place: called at Airdrome, and back to pub., an ancient place nearly falling down. I don't know if what I said last time I was here about this place did it, but they have pulled down all the unsightly places that spoiled the town. It looks much better.
+We left Cooktown at six in the morning, and struck a tremendous sea. The waves came right over the boat and everywhere was wet. She seemed to stand right on end, and we had to hand on the seats. I was sick nearly all the way but the wife never got sick, but she was not too comfortable. There were only two other men passengers. The wife's sister and hubby went back to Cairns by plane.
 This place, Tribulation, was reached at one o'clock, and we had a job getting
-into the flat-bottom rowing boat, and I was not sorry when I stepped out on to :there. A
+into the flat-bottom rowing boat, and I was not sorry when I stepped out on to shore. A Mr. Col. Mason made me welcome and we were invited up to his place for dinner. He came here five years ago. The depression knocked him bad and he lost everything except his wife, 6 children, and £28. This place is a veritable jungle and we must have had a stout heart and a good pal. He has planted bananas, paw-paws, tomatoes, cane, rice. This place grows everything he wants, and he told me he is on his feet again, and won't leave the place. He has 300 acres, his son 200; his brother has a sawmill to cut their wants, and
-Mr. Col.Mason made me welcome and we were invited up to his place for dinner He came here five years ago. The depression knocked him bad and he lost everything except his wife, 6 children, and 28. This place is a veritable jungle and we must have had a stout
-heart and a good pal. He has planted bananas, paw-paws, tomatoes, cane, rice. This place
-grows everything he wants, and he told me he is on his feet again, and won't leave the place. He has 300 acres, his son 200; his brother has a sawmill to cut their wants, and
 I believe there is three other settlers here.
-Vire carped right on the sand as the bush is too thick, and can only go along the
-tracks to his place and his neighbours! A party just spoke to us, they have been on a
+We camped right on the sand as the bush is too thick, and can only go along the
--day walk to Bloomfield and back. One of the locals took them, a Mr. Jaskie and wife -
+tracks to his place and his neighbours! A party just spoke to us, they have been on a 5-day walk to Bloomfield and back. One of the locals took them, a Mr. Jaskie and wife - I believe they write books. There will be plenty of places for us to go here, and I intend to try a bit of gold washing if I see a place. Fish are not too easily caught. We went around the headland yesterday and lost a lot of line and hooks on the coral, but got a feed of coral cod and grunters, small. We had to scale a high hill as the going was too dangerous to go around, and it took some doing. A slip would have sent us down about 100 ft, into the sea. Then, when on top, we found we had to go straight down the side about two to three hundred feet to the beach; made me think of the Mountains near Cox and Breakfast Creek.
-I believe they write books. T3Jare will be plentY of places for us to go here, and I intend to try a but of gold washing if I see a place. Fish are not too easily caught. We went around the headland yesterday and lost a lot of line and hooks on the coral, but got a feed of coral cod and grunters, small. We had to scale a high hill as the going was too
-dangerous to go around, and it took some doing. A, slip would have sent us down about 100 ft, into the sea. Then, when on top, we found we had to go straight down the side about two to three hundred feet to the beach; made me think of the Mountains near Cox and Breakfast Creek.
 Just at the back of our camp we have mountains two to three thousand feet high.
 I don't think it could be scaled as the undergrowth is too thick, and full of stinging tree.
 You will have to excuse pencil and paper shortage. We ordered a pad and ink
-with out groceries and they were not put in.
+with our groceries and they were not put in.
-We are about 60 to 70 miles north of Cairns, and about 30 to 40 miles south of Cooktown. No crocks here but, I am informed, plenty of snakes. I have not seen any yet. Oysters and crabs 7.re plentyful, and a blacks' camp is about quarter of a mile along the beach. I am told they will get me a turkey or wild hen for a couple of bob, but I intend to keep away from them. They might get a nuisance around our camp. Only been hero four days and the mail will be going, so next letter will tell you more.
-* I called on Walley Roots and family nnd went to his place at night and had a talk in Brisbane. They are all well including Mr.Douglas, I forget his first name.
+We are about 60 to 70 miles north of Cairns, and about 30 to 40 miles south of Cooktown. No crocks here but, I am informed, plenty of snakes. I have not seen any yet. Oysters and crabs are plentyful, and a blacks' camp is about quarter of a mile along the beach. I am told they will get me a turkey or wild hen for a couple of bob, but I intend to keep away from them. They might get a nuisance around our camp. Only been here four days and the mail will be going, so next letter will tell you more.
-I read Marie Byles' report in "Herald Supplement", and it is a good job she is away when you get this as I got it about lead pencil the last time. I.hope she has a good trip, and all the club members are well and not suffering from the cold while I am up here writing this letter sitting on the send with only my shorts on and thanking Old Sol for being so warm a friend to me.
-THITGS THAT HAVEN'T YET BEEN INVENTED.
+I called on Walley Roots and family and went to his place at night and had a talk in Brisbane. They are all well including Mr. Douglas, I forget his first name.
-"Starters" and Expediters" were the first step in one of the most radical changes that over occurred in the technique of light weight camping. Food has naturally been one of the most important concerns of Euahwalkers for many years and it used to be a common sight in the club rooms of the S.B.W. to see little groups anxiously discussing the all important question of food. The very minimum taken was 2 lbs per head per day. Many with robust appetites declared that they would die if they tried to live on so small a quantity of food and
-in any case they would die rather than try. The consequence was that most parties took ai to 3 lbs per head per day. This meant 30 to 40 lbs per person for a fortnight and as in those days a persons camping gear weighed nearly 20 lbs, it can easily be imagined that none Taut robust persons ever attempted trips of such long duration without replenishing supplied.
+I read Marie Byles' report in "Herald Supplement", and it is a good job she is away when you get this as I got it about lead pencil the last time. I hope she has a good trip, and all the club members are well and not suffering from the cold while I am up here writing this letter sitting on the sand with only my shorts on and thanking Old Sol for being so warm a friend to me.
-The new system of growing food on the trip by means of"starters"and "expediters" altered all this. It had long been realised that more than 95% of vegetable foods was either water or substances obtained from the air namely carbon and oxygen and in certain cases nitrogen. Chemists then discovered that earth was quite unnecessary for plantgrowing. Instead they placed seeds in an absorbent medium such as cotton * wool or sphagnum moss kept moist by water in which were dissolved minute quantitieS of chemicals (termed "starters") necessary for plant growth. The seeds germinated and the plants grew in an amazing fashion and soon it was possible to grow enormous crops of almost any quick growing vegetable food wherever water and the necessary chemicals were obtainable.
+=====Things That Haven't Yet Been Invented=====
+"Starters" and "Expediters" were the first step in one of the most radical changes that over occurred in the technique of light weight camping. Food has naturally been one of the most important concerns of Bushwalkers for many years and it used to be a common sight in the club rooms of the S.B.W. to see little groups anxiously discussing the all important question of food. The very minimum taken was 2 lbs per head per day. Many with robust appetites declared that they would die if they tried to live on so small a quantity of food and in any case they would die rather than try. The consequence was that most parties took 2.5 to 3 lbs per head per day. This meant 30 to 40 lbs per person for a fortnight and as in those days a persons camping gear weighed nearly 20 lbs, it can easily be imagined that none but robust persons ever attempted trips of such long duration without replenishing supplies.
+The new system of growing food on the trip by means of "starters" and "expediters" altered all this. It had long been realised that more than 95% of vegetable foods was either water or substances obtained from the air namely carbon and oxygen and in certain cases nitrogen. Chemists then discovered that earth was quite unnecessary for plant-growing. Instead they placed seeds in an absorbent medium such as cotton-wool or sphagnum moss kept moist by water in which were dissolved minute quantities of chemicals (termed "starters") necessary for plant growth. The seeds germinated and the plants grew in an amazing fashion and soon it was possible to grow enormous crops of almost any quick growing vegetable food wherever water and the necessary chemicals were obtainable.
 It is history now what terrific repercussion this discovery had on the farming communities throughout the world. From the bushwalkers point of view the important thing was that enormous tracts of poor farming land were reconverted to forests for the provision of timber which cannot yet be economically produced in the laboratory.
-But walkers were very much more interested when it was discovered that certain chemical substances (which used to be classed somewhat vaguely and mysteriously as vitamins) would speed up the growth to such an extent that the plants would mature in one to three hours. These chemicals are known as "expediters". A camper's food list nowadays consists of a few packets of seeds, a few ounces of "starters" and "expediters and the light weight growing frame. These with an ultraviray torch for night growing or use in cloudy weather supply sufficient food for
-gonth. Of course these things can't be done yet, but when they can Paddy will supply them.
+But walkers were very much more interested when it was discovered that certain chemical substances (which used to be classed somewhat vaguely and mysteriously as vitamins) would speed up the growth to such an extent that the plants would mature in one to three hours. These chemicals are known as "expediters". A camper's food list nowadays consists of a few packets of seeds, a few ounces of "starters" and "expediters" and the light weight growing frame. These with an ultra-viray torch for night growing or use in cloudy weather supply sufficient food for a month. Of course these things can't be done yet, but when they can Paddy will supply them.
 Till then Paddy will gladly cooperate with all who wish to reduce the load.
-PADDY PALLIN
- GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY,
+Paddy Pallin
-OF?. PALINGS.
-PHONE, B3101
+ George Street, Sydney.
--10-
+Opp. Palings
+Phone: B3101
 HOW FAR AHEAD SHOULD WE LOOK
 by J,W.MullinS.