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-**THE SYDNEY BUSHWALKER**
+=====The Sydney Bushwalker.=====
-A monthly bulletin of matters of interest to The Sydney Bush Walkers, Box 4476 G.P.O., Sydney, 2001. Club meetings are held every Wednesday evening from 7.30 pm at the Wireless Institute Building, 14 Atchison Street, St. Leonards. Enquiries concerning the Club should be referred to Ann Ravn, Telephone 798-8607.
-|EDITOR|Helen Gray, 209 Malton Road, Epping, 2121. Telephone 86-6263|
+A monthly bulletin of matters of interest to The Sydney Bush Walkers, Box 4476 G.P.O., Sydney, 2001. Club meetings are held every Wednesday evening from 7.30 pm at the Wireless Institute Building, 14 Atchison Street, St. Leonards. Enquiries concerning the Club should be referred to Ann Ravn, Telephone 798-8607.
-|BUSINESS MANAGER|Bill Burke, 3 Coral Tree Drive, Carlingford, 2118. Telephone 871-1207|
-|TYPIST|Kath Brown. Telephone 81-2675|
-|DUPLICATOR OPERATOR|Phil Butt|
+|Editor|Helen Gray, 209 Malton Road, Epping, 2121. Telephone 86-6263|
+|Business Manager|Bill Burke, 3 Coral Tree Drive, Carlingford, 2118. Telephone 871-1207|
+|Typist|Kath Brown. Telephone 81-2675|
+|Duplicator Operator|Phil Butt|
-**JANUARY, 1981.**
+====January, 1981.====
+| | |Page|
 |Mud Sliding and Rock Skating in the Bindook Area |Joy Hynes| 2|
-|Kosciusko :National Park - Plan of Management Review| |4|
+|Kosciusko National Park - Plan of Management Review| |4|
-|Advertisement - Eastwood Camping Centre | |12|
+|Advertisement - Eastwood Camping Centre| |12|
-|"Stop Press" |Anon. |13|
+|"Stop Press"|Anon. [Dot Butler]|13|
-|The Flowers of Srinagar - Part IV |Bill Gillam |14|
+|The Flowers of Srinagar - Part IV|Bill Gillam |14|
-|Social Notes for February| Peter Miller| 16|
+|Social Notes for February|Peter Miller|16|
+=====Mud Sliding and Rock Skating in the Bindook Area.=====
-====== Mud Sliding and Rock Skating in the Bindook Area ======
 Joy Hynes
 With bush fires literally breathing down own necks, the following entrants in the above competition set off, fully prepared to drink and eat everything cold and pre-cooked, for the weekend:-
-Chris and Mark Dabbs, Rowena Evans, Michael Floyd, Peter Franks, Bill Gamble, Kathy Gero, Steve Holland, Victor Lewin, Brian Palm, Frank Roberts, Cev Sternhill, Bronwyn Stow and Frank Woodgate	ably, or should I say DISably, led by Ian Debert with the writer bringing up the rear.
+Chris and Mark Dabbs, Rowena Evans, Michael Floyd, Peter Franks, Bill Gamble, Kathy Gero, Steve Holland, Victor Lewin, Brian Palm, Frank Roberts, Cev Sternhill, Bronwyn Stow and Frank Woodgate - ably, or should I say DISably, led by Ian Debert with the writer bringing up the rear.
 Prior to our arrival on the Wombeyan-Goodman's Ford road, a rather wet substance known as rain had fallen, thus giving us a somewhat dubious sliding introduction to the weekend frivolities. All members arrived quietly on Friday night, and were ready for an early start at 8.15 am on Saturday morning. It was good walking weather, overcast and cool, and we proceeded up Murruin Creek at a steady pace. There was very little water in the creek, but Kathy, Frank W., Ian and self ventured into a water hole at lunch time. The rock-hopping was more like boulder-hopping, but very easy going.
-We were just preparing to proceed up Mt. Bindook after lunch, when a rider on horseback arrived in our midst, and we were entertained for the following quarter of an hour or so by none other than Mr. Neville Lang, who spoke about the area generally. He advised us of a better route up Bindook, which went directly up the mountain, instead of up and into the saddle and up again. After Ian and Victor conferred with the others, it was decided to follow his directions, and so we proceeded upstream a little further and then up, up and away. I am certain Mr. Lang was just getting his revenge upon us for avoiding his "entrance fee" when travelling to Yerranderie earlier this year, because if his trail was easier, I don't think I
+We were just preparing to proceed up Mt. Bindook after lunch, when a rider on horseback arrived in our midst, and we were entertained for the following quarter of an hour or so by none other than Mr. Neville Lang, who spoke about the area generally. He advised us of a better route up Bindook, which went directly up the mountain, instead of up and into the saddle and up again. After Ian and Victor conferred with the others, it was decided to follow his directions, and so we proceeded upstream a little further and then up, up and away. I am certain Mr. Lang was just getting his revenge upon us for avoiding his "entrance fee" when travelling to Yerranderie earlier this year, because if his trail was easier, I don't think I would like to have ventured up the original trail.
-would like to have ventured up the original trail.
 After what felt like several hours, we finally achieved our object, and I for one was absolutely speechless with the magnificence of the view. Small glimpses on the way up had whet our appetites, and the final goal was well worth the effort of every screaming muscle. After suitable refreshment, we proceeded towards the Yerranderie road.
@@ Line 38: / Line 37: @@
 Telephones have nothing on the bush telegraph, because Mrs. Lang knew who we were, and that we had been talking to her husband some few hours earlier. We all then advanced up the road (mainly up, very few downs) to where the Tomat Falls road went off to the right. By this time most of the party were beginning to feel a little weary and footsore, but were encouraged to go further with the thought that tomorrow would then be easier and shorter (foolish thought). We passed a few farm buildings and animals and marvelled at the endurance of people living in these remote areas. We soon arrived at the creek and decided to camp for the night. We were very fortunate to get tents up and tea cooked before the rain came down in buckets. The drought needed to be broken, but did it have to be in the middle of our walk, and in such heavy buckets?
-Sunday morning arrived on time, but without the sun and with lots and lots of heavy rain, which made breakfast and breaking camp very uncomfortable and slow, and we did not depart until about 9.30 am. Owing to the dangerous condition of the falls in the rain, only six of the more courageous members of the party (Chris and Mark, Bron and Michael, Cev and Brian) decided to venture (or should I say slide) with out fear or intrepidation down the falls. The remaining ten were punished for their lack of adventure by having to tramp in the rain over numerous mountains which insisted on going uphill just as quickly and steeply as they went down.
+Sunday morning arrived on time, but without the sun and with lots and lots of heavy rain, which made breakfast and breaking camp very uncomfortable and slow, and we did not depart until about 9.30 am. Owing to the dangerous condition of the falls in the rain, only six of the more courageous members of the party (Chris and Mark, Bron and Michael, Cev and Brian) decided to venture (or should I say slide) without fear or intrepidation down the falls. The remaining ten were punished for their lack of adventure by having to tramp in the rain over numerous mountains which insisted on going uphill just as quickly and steeply as they went down.
 However, a surprise at lunch time made it worth while. Sloshing along the fire trail towards what is known as The Priests Hut, we came out into a clearing - truly at the end of the world - complete with 4-wheel drive, caravan, a normal-drive car and a half-finished shed. The owner of this "apparition" by the name of Ian, positively enthused all over us and promptly invited us into his caravan (could you imagine ten wet, bedraggled, muddy-footed walkers looking like the latest entrants for the creature from black lagoon" all oozing through the door of a nice clean van). We declined, so he opened up his nearly finished shed, urging us to make use of the hot water merrily bubbling on large b-b-q type incinerator, or perhaps we might like a shower (cold water only unfortunately). We were further urged to help ourselves to his port, which was housed in a 20 gallon container, but not knowing how many slides we yet had to encounter, we rather begrudgingly declined.
@@ Line 46: / Line 45: @@
 Host Ian then walked a little way with us to the top of a small mountain and pointed out a track we were unaware of which led straight down onto the "Dilly" River. The rain was alternating with a weak watery sun by this time, and the afternoon's walk was rather pleasant. The views of both Murruin Creek and the Wollondilly River were delightful, and we could see the cars from a long way up the mountain. The last section was very steep, and on looking at the map we saw that we had come down off Bullnigang Range, at angles to Shauny's Creek. A short walk along the river put us back at the cars in time to drive to Mittagong for a chinese meal. A very enjoyable, if slightly damp weekend, but one that can be recommended to all who love mountain views.
+=====Kosciusko National Park Plan of Management Review=====
-====== Kosciusko National Park Plan of Management Review ======
 (This Review was received in club correspondence for December, and as all club members are interested in Kosciusko National Park either as walkers and/or skiers, we are publishing it in full. Note that it is NOT the Draft Plan of Management which is still to be finalised. EDITOR.)
-INTRODUCTION
+====Introduction====
 The Planning Issue Statement on Resort Areas was published in May, 1980, This Statement was one of a series designed to stimulate interest and comment on important planning issues being considered as part of the review of the Kosciusko National Park Plan of Management. The main points covered by the Statement included:
-The Planning Issues: Snowfield use has continued to expand to the stage where existing access,accommodation and ski field facilities will reach saturation point in the near future. In considering the future management of the snowfields, the following are overriding considerations:\\
-Because of the Park's international importance there must be a limit to which development can be permitted.\\
-Use of the Park should be available to as wide a range of visitors as possible and not be restricted to specific sections of the community.\\
-Financial constraints will dictate the amount of public funds available for road construction and provision of new services.\\
-The community will not accept continued disturbance of the Park's fragile alpine and subalpine area.\\
-New Skiing Opportunities: The Statement indicated that the Tooma Dam, Kings Cross and Blue Cow areas will be considered for alpine (downhill) skiing facilities. Any other areas within the Park which may be appropriate for skiing development will also be investigated.
+__The Planning Issues__: Snowfield use has continued to expand to the stage where existing access,accommodation and ski field facilities will reach saturation point in the near future. In considering the future management of the snowfields, the following are overriding considerations:
+* Because of the Park's international importance there must be a limit to which development can be permitted.
+* Use of the Park should be available to as wide a range of visitors as possible and not be restricted to specific sections of the community.
+* Financial constraints will dictate the amount of public funds available for road construction and provision of new services.
+* The community will not accept continued disturbance of the Park's fragile alpine and sub-alpine area.
+__New Skiing Opportunities__: The Statement indicated that the Tooma Dam, Kings Cross and Blue Cow areas will be considered for alpine (downhill) skiing facilities. Any other areas within the Park which may be appropriate for skiing development will also be investigated.
-Accommodation: It was suggested that the only additional accommodation that may be provided will be that required for essential servicing staff or to fulfil existing commitments.
+__Accommodation__: It was suggested that the only additional accommodation that may be provided will be that required for essential servicing staff or to fulfil existing commitments.
-Access: The.use of mass transit into resort areas to cater for the increased numbers of visitors was suggested.
+__Access__: The use of mass transit into resort areas to cater for the increased numbers of visitors was suggested.
-Over 280 written submissions, covering a wide range of opinion, had been received in response to this Statement by mid October 1980. They have all been studied and are helping to shape the Draft Plan of Management. It is obvious that there is enormous public interest in the future of the Park and its Plan of Management. This sheet attempts to answer some of the most common questions from the submissions, in the hope that this will provide an informed environment for a community wide assessment of the Draft
+Over 280 written submissions, covering a wide range of opinion, had been received in response to this Statement by mid October 1980. They have all been studied and are helping to shape the Draft Plan of Management.
-Plan when it becomes available in the new year.
-The information provided in this Sheet relates to seven general issues:
+It is obvious that there is enormous public interest in the future of the Park and its Plan of Management. This sheet attempts to answer some of the most common questions from the submissions, in the hope that this will provide an informed environment for a community wide assessment of the Draft Plan when it becomes available in the new year. The information provided in this Sheet relates to seven general issues:
-visitor numbers\\
-the impact of skiing at, and overseas comparisons with, Kosciusko National Park.\\
-accommodation\\
-access \\
-new skiing opportunities\\
-the legal requirements of planning, and .\\
-water supply and sewerage.
-It is intended to continue discussions with local government, skier  representative bodies and other organisations interested in this planning process before the Draft Plan is finalised. The discussions will proceed through November. Any statistics or opinions which might conflict with the arguments outlined here should be brought to the attention of such bodies, or the Planning Officer, as soon as possible. Alternatively, others may prefer to wait until more detail is available when the Draft Plan goes on public display, and submit their views on that document. Whichever course is preferred, correspondence should be addressed to The Planning Officer, Kosciusko National Park, Private Mail Bag, COOMA. N.S.W. 2630.
+* visitor numbers
+* the impact of skiing at, and overseas comparisons with, Kosciusko National Park.
+* accommodation
+* access
+* new skiing opportunities
+* the legal requirements of planning, and
+* water supply and sewerage.
+It is intended to continue discussions with local government, skier representative bodies and other organisations interested in this planning process before the Draft Plan is finalised. The discussions will proceed through November. Any statistics or opinions which might conflict with the arguments outlined here should be brought to the attention of such bodies, or the Planning Officer, as soon as possible. Alternatively, others may prefer to wait until more detail is available when the Draft Plan goes on public display, and submit their views on that document. Whichever course is preferred, correspondence should be addressed to The Planning Officer, Kosciusko National Park, Private Mail Bag, Cooma. N.S.W. 2630.
+====Questions and Comments====
+__A. Visitor Numbers.__
+. How many winter visitors will be using hte Park in future years?
-QUESTIONS AND COMMENTS
-A. Visitor Numbers\\
-HOW MANY WINTER VISITORS WILL BE USING THE PARK IN FUTURE YEARS?\\
 It depends who you ask. There are a range of estimates for the next decade:
 Peak Day Visitors (Eastern Resorts)
-|Estimate Basis |	Increase pa. |1980|1985|1990|
+|Estimate Basis|Increase pa.|1980|1985|1990|
+|Aust.Ski Federation (high)|22%|24,000|65,000|175,000|
-|Aust.Ski Federation (high)|	22%|	24,000|	65,000|	175,000|
+|N.S.W. Ski Association|l8%|24,000|55,000|126,000|
-|N.S.W. Ski Association|	l8%|	24,000|	55,000|126,000|
+|Aust. Ski Federation (low)|15%|24,000|48,000|97,000|
-|Aus-t.Ski Federation (lbw)|	15%|	24,000|	48,000	|979000|
+|Perisher Range Planning Study|12%|24,000|42,000|75,000|
-|Perisher Range Planning Study|	12%|	24,000|	42,000|	75,000|
+|Kosciusko Sub-Region Study*|9%|24,000|37,000|57,000|
-|Kosciusko SubRegion Study|	9%|	24,000|	37,000|	57,000|
+|N.P.W.S./Dept.of Tourism|6%|24,000|32,000|43,000|
-|N.P.W.S./Dept.of Tourism|	6%|	24,000|	32,000|	43,000|
 Total Winter Visitors
-Estimate:Basis ...........	Increase		1985--	-1990
+|Estimate Basis|Increase pa|1980|1985|1990|
-AU6-6.Ski -FederatiOn-Chith) -	22%		-2;7305:000-	-79378;000
+|Aust. Ski Federation (high)|22%|1,010,000|2,730,000|7,378,000|
-.'N.S.W.Ski Association		1,0109000	2;3119000	59286,000
+|N.S.W. Ski Association|18%|1,010,000|2,311,000|5,286,000|
-Aust.Ski	Federation (low)	15%	1,0109000	2,0319000	4,0869000
+|Aust. Ski Federation (low)|15%|1,010,000|2,031,000|4,086,000|
-Perisher Range Planning Study	12%	1,0109000	1,780,000	391379000
+|Perisher Range Planning Study|12%|1,010,000|1,780,000|3,137,000|
-Kosciusko SubRegion Study*	9%	190109000	1,554,000	2,391,000
+|Kosciusko Sub-Region Study*|9%|1,010,000|1,554,000|2,391,000|
-N P.W.S./Dept.of Tourism	6%	190109000	193529000	19809,000
+|N.P.W.S./Dept.of Tourism|6%|1,010,000|1,352,000|1,809,000|
-	and -Environment -Commission
+*Planning and Environemnt Commission
+. How many of the visitors are alpine skiers?
-. HOW MANY OF THE VISITORS ARE ALPINE SKIERS?\\
 At present an estimated 1,930,000 visits are made to the Park in a year. About one third of these visits are by alpine skiers. (About half the visits are recorded for the winter months, when about 70% of visitors are alpine skiers.)
-B.. The Impact of Skiing on, and Overseas Comparisons with, Kosciusko N.Park.  '3: --SKIERS OCCUPY -ONLY -SS OF -THE -PARK; 'DON'T -THEY?
+__B. The Impact of Skiing on, and Overseas Comparisons with, Kosciusko N.Park.__
-True, as far as it goes. However, only 15% of the Park is above the averaap snowline (1520 metres), and much of the snow-covered area is rolling terrain totally unsuited to alpine skiing developments. Hence, the nature of the resource will set a final limit on alpine skiing( developments. Furthermore, alpine skiing is only one form of winter recreation to be catered for in the snowfields.
+. Skiers occupy only 3% of the Park, don't they?
+True, as far as it goes. However, only 15% of the Park is above the average snowline (1520 metres), and much of the snow-covered area is rolling terrain totally unsuited to alpine skiing developments. Hence, the nature of the resource will set a final limit on alpine skiing developments. Furthermore, alpine skiing is only one form of winter recreation to be catered for in the snowfields.
+. Doesn't the layer of snow protecting the vegetation prevent any significant harm to the environment by skiing?
-. DOESN'T THE LAYER OF SNOW PROTECTING THE VEGETATION PREVENT ANY SIGNIFICANT HARM TO THE ENVIRONMENT BY SKIING?\\
 The actual activity of snow skiing has little impact. Nevertheless, there are considerable environmental effects associated with skiing. Extensive summer slope grooming is often required, with the removal of rocks and vegetation. The construction and maintenance of lifts, access tracks and public facilities all affect the environment. The provision of services also has considerable impact on the Park, not only in resorts but also over a wider area.
-. IS IT NOT THE CASE THAT EXPANSION OF THE RESORTS WILL HAVE NO DELETERIOUS IMPACT ON THE PARK BECAUSE THE ENVIRONMENTS OF THE RESORTS HAVE ALREADY BEEN SUBSTANTIALLY ALTERED BY EXISTING DEVELOPMENTS?\\
+. Is it not the case that expansion ofhte resorts will have no deleterious impact on teh Park because the environments of the resorts have already been substantially altered by existing development?
-The presence of the existing resorts does not provide a justification for intensive urbanisation of the snowfields. Whilst there are problems within existing resort areas, particularly with regard of water supply and sewerage these should be investigated and solved rather than made worse. There are many valuable environments, such as sphagnum bogs, needing protection within the skiing resorts.
+The presence of the existing resorts does not provide a justification for intensive urbanisation of the snowfields. Whilst there are problems within existing resort areas, particularly with regard of water supply and sewerage, these should be investigated and solved rather than made worse. There are many valuable environments, such as sphagnum bogs, needing protection within the skiing resorts.
+. Heavily used skiing areas in Europe and the U.S.A. remain beautiful and unharmed, so how can skiing do any significant harm to the environment inthe Park?
-. HEAVILY USED SKIING AREAS IN-EUROPE AND THE U.S.A. REMAIN BEAUTIFUL AND UNHARMED, SO HOW CAN SKIING DO ANY SIGNIFICANT HARK TO THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE PARK?\\
+Comparisons between the skiing areas of Kosciusko National Park and overseas should be made with a great deal of caution. The skiing areas of the northern hemisphere are in temperate high latitude areas receiving extensive snow falls. By comparison, the Kosciusko resorts are in the same latitude as the African side of the Mediterranean Sea! In addition, ski field developments in Australia are all at or above the tree line, and in ecological terms are effectively far higher in the mountains than most of their overseas counterparts. There are very few examples overseas of ski resorts which are developed in environments as restricted in their continental distribution or as fragile as the alpine area of Kosciusko National Park. The international importance of the Park was officially acknowledged in January 1977, when it was designated a Biosphere Reserve under UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme.
-Comparisons between the skiing areas of Kosciusko National Park and overseas should be made with a great deal of caution. The skiing areas of the northern hemisphere are in temperate high latitude areas receiving extensive snow falls. By comparison, the Kosciusko resorts are in the same latitude as the African side of the Mediterranean Sea! In addition, ski held developments in Australia are all at or above the tree line, and in ecological terms are effectively far higher in the mountains than most of their overseas counterparts. There are very few examples overseas of ski resorts which are developed in environments as restricted in their continental distribution or as fragile as the alpine area of Kosciusko National Park. The international importance of the Park was officially acknowledged in January 1977, when it was designated a Biosphere Reserve under UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere (MAR) Programme.
 C. Accommodation. \\