199801
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- | ===== The Sydney Bushwalker | + | =====THE SYDNEY BUSHWALKER===== |
- | A monthly bulletin of matters of interest to The Sydney Bush Walkers Inc, Box 4476 GPO Sydney 2001. To advertise in this magazine, please contact the Business Manager. | + | **SYDNEY BUSHWALKER** is a monthly bulletin of matters of interest to The Sydney Bush Walkers Inc, Box 4476 GPO Sydney 2001. To advertise in this magazine, please contact the Business Manager. |
|**Editor**|Patrick Jarnes, 5/2 Hardie Street, Neutral Bay 2089, Telephone 9904 1515| | |**Editor**|Patrick Jarnes, 5/2 Hardie Street, Neutral Bay 2089, Telephone 9904 1515| | ||
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|**Printers**|Kenn Clacher, Tom VVenman, Barrie MurdoCh, Margaret Niven & Les Powell| | |**Printers**|Kenn Clacher, Tom VVenman, Barrie MurdoCh, Margaret Niven & Les Powell| | ||
- | The Sydney Bush Walkers Incorporated | + | **THE SYDNEY BUSH WALKERS INCORPORATED** |
|**President**|Tony Holgate| | |**President**|Tony Holgate| | ||
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===== January 1998 ===== | ===== January 1998 ===== | ||
- | In This Issue, No. 758 | + | **In This Issue, No. 758**\\ |
- | + | | Page| | | | | |
- | | | |Page| | + | | 2| |Conservation Corner - Aboriginal Ownership of National Parks in NSW|Vivien Dunne | |
- | |Conservation Corner - Aboriginal Ownership of National Parks in NSW|Vivien Dunne|2| | + | | |
- | |Bird Watching| | + | | 4| |A Bicycle in Burgundy: Part 2|Tom Wenman |
- | |A Bicycle in Burgundy: Part 2|Tom Wenman|4| | + | | 6| |Ticks: Foes or Friends|Stephen Doggett |
- | |Ticks: Foes or Friends|Stephen Doggett|6| | + | | 10| |Notices| | |
- | |Notices| |10| | + | | |
- | |Looking Back - From Seven to Seventy| | + | | 10| |Social Night: 18 February 1988| | |
- | |NP&WS draft Nature, Tourism & Recreation Strategy. A review|Keith Muir|11| | + | | 10| |Club Coolana| | |
- | |Footnotes| |14| | + | | 10| |Name, Address & Phone Number Changes| | |
- | |Expressions of Interest| |14| | + | | 10| |Looking Back - From Seven to Seventy| | |
- | |Walking in NSW National Parks| |14| | + | | 14| |NP&WS draft Nature, Tourism & Recreation Strategy. A review|Keith Muir | |
- | |First Aid Notes: Heat Exhaustion & Dehydration| | + | | 14| |Footnotes| | |
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
===== Advertisers ===== | ===== Advertisers ===== | ||
- | |Alpsports|3| | + | |Alpsports |
- | |Eastwood Camping Centre|9| | + | |Eastwood Camping Centre |
- | |Willis' | + | |Willis' |
- | |Paddy Pallin|Back cover| | + | |Paddy Pallin |
===== Conservation Corner ===== | ===== Conservation Corner ===== | ||
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If you would like to be involved in Conservation issues please phone Bill Holland, Conservation Secretary on 9484 6636 (business and after hours). | If you would like to be involved in Conservation issues please phone Bill Holland, Conservation Secretary on 9484 6636 (business and after hours). | ||
- | ===== Aboriginal Ownership of National Parks in NSW by Vivien Dunne*, from the | + | ===== Aboriginal Ownership of National Parks in NSW by Vivien Dunne*, from the Bushwalker, Nov. 1997. ===== |
- | Bushwalker, Nov. 1997. ===== | + | |
+ | The National Parks and Wildlife Amendment (Aboriginal Ownership) Act 1996# relating to Aboriginal Ownership of National Parks passed through both houses of the NSW Parliament unopposed in December 1996. For some more conservative members of the community the passing of The Act was seen as cause for concern and greeted with alarm, but for others it was heralded as a significant step in providing for the rights of Australia' | ||
- | The National Parks and Wildlife Amendment (Aboriginal Ownership) Act 1996** relating to Aboriginal Ownership of National Parks passed through both houses of the NSW Parliament unopposed in December 1996. For some more conservative members of the community the passing of The Act was seen as cause for concern and greeted with alarm, but for others it was heralded as a significant step in providing for the rights of Australia' | ||
Joint management will be established for parks and reserves listed on Schedule 14 through the appointment of Boards of Management. The Boards will be required to exercise management, care and control in accordance with the provisions of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 and at this stage five parks have been listed for return to Aboriginal ownership. | Joint management will be established for parks and reserves listed on Schedule 14 through the appointment of Boards of Management. The Boards will be required to exercise management, care and control in accordance with the provisions of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 and at this stage five parks have been listed for return to Aboriginal ownership. | ||
+ | |||
1. Mootwingee NP and Historic Site, and Coturaundee Nature Reserve near Broken Hill | 1. Mootwingee NP and Historic Site, and Coturaundee Nature Reserve near Broken Hill | ||
2. Mungo NP | 2. Mungo NP | ||
Line 62: | Line 66: | ||
4. Mount Yarrowyck Nature Reserve near Armidale | 4. Mount Yarrowyck Nature Reserve near Armidale | ||
5. Mount Grenfell Historic Site near Cobar | 5. Mount Grenfell Historic Site near Cobar | ||
+ | |||
The most important points to note in The Amendment are as follows:- National Parks will be approved for Aboriginal ownership subject to a lease-back arrangement between the indigenous owners and the relevant State or Commonwealth authority and will include the payment of rent for the lease of the land. The term of the lease will be for a period of 30 years with allowance made for renewal of the term, periodic review and provision for replacement. | The most important points to note in The Amendment are as follows:- National Parks will be approved for Aboriginal ownership subject to a lease-back arrangement between the indigenous owners and the relevant State or Commonwealth authority and will include the payment of rent for the lease of the land. The term of the lease will be for a period of 30 years with allowance made for renewal of the term, periodic review and provision for replacement. | ||
+ | |||
Public right of access to national parks and the use and enjoyment of the parks is to be guaranteed. The lands will be protected from being sold or mortgaged. Admission fees will be charged for entrance to national parks. | Public right of access to national parks and the use and enjoyment of the parks is to be guaranteed. The lands will be protected from being sold or mortgaged. Admission fees will be charged for entrance to national parks. | ||
+ | |||
Direct, operational, | Direct, operational, | ||
+ | |||
Aboriginal people will be given preference for employment opportunities as administrators, | Aboriginal people will be given preference for employment opportunities as administrators, | ||
+ | |||
It should be noted that the Amendments to the 1996 Aboriginal Ownership Act provide for the recognition of indigenous peoples rights to ancestral lands, cultural sites and places of historical significance as well as recognising the need for the protection and management of national parks for all Australians. | It should be noted that the Amendments to the 1996 Aboriginal Ownership Act provide for the recognition of indigenous peoples rights to ancestral lands, cultural sites and places of historical significance as well as recognising the need for the protection and management of national parks for all Australians. | ||
- | * Vivien Dunne is Vice President of the Sydney Branch of the National Parks Association of N.S.W. and a member of SBW. The article reflects the authors opinion and not those of the NPA. | + | |
- | ** All information from NP&WS, Aboriginal Ownership of National Parks, Government Publication, | + | * //Vivien Dunne is Vice President of the Sydney Branch of the National Parks Association of N.S.W. and a member of SBW. The article reflects the authors opinion and not those of the NPA.// |
- | BIRD WATCHING: | + | |
- | a preliminary survey of birds at Coolana to be held on a weekend in March. The plan is for an initial survey of the avifauna at Coolana as input to a later more complete survey. You will need a note book, pen or pencil and ideally binoculars. Experience is not necessary, we will show you how. Other equipment could include field guides on birds, thermos flask, chair, blind, camera with telephoto lens, umbrella. Watchers in groups of two, will go out to different areas at Coolana in the morning and afternoon to spot the birds. Later the bird lists will be collated, the birds named and their habitat specified. This will be a valuable survey of our property. We do need a few people | + | # All information from NP&WS, Aboriginal Ownership of National Parks, Government Publication, |
- | A Happy and Prosperous New Year to all. | + | |
- | , | + | ===== Bird Watching ===== |
- | '7 | + | |
- | Specifications | + | Advance Notice of a preliminary survey of birds at Coolana to be held on a weekend in March. The plan is for an initial survey of the avifauna at Coolana as input to a later more complete survey. You will need a note book, pen or pencil and ideally binoculars. Experience is not necessary, we will show you how. Other equipment could include field guides on birds, thermos flask, chair, blind, camera with telephoto lens, umbrella. Watchers in groups of two, will go out to different areas at Coolana in the morning and afternoon to spot the birds. Later the bird lists will be collated, the birds named and their habitat specified. This will be a valuable survey of our property. We do need a few people |
- | Floor Area: Vestibule:: | + | |
- | In Use Weight: Total Weight: Rolled Size: Colour: | + | =====A BICYCLE IN BURGUNDY===== |
- | Persons: | + | by Tom Wenman |
- | 2.0m2 0.8m2 1.6kg 1.8kg | + | |
- | 40cm x 12cm Indigo, Tussock Green | + | //Part le second: les adventures exciting de Tom continue. Last month we read how Tom had ridden 80 km in one day to arrive breathless and expectant in the medieval town of Semur. Now sitting in the luxurious splendour of the youth hostel watching le football on le television Tom plans his next moves. Read on.// |
- | 1-2 | + | |
- | 180 cm | + | Le Deuxieme |
- | Features. | + | |
- | A roomy one-person tent, but a snug fit for two | + | |
- | | + | |
- | Fully seam-sealed tub floor | + | |
- | | + | |
- | U1/40 fly fabric for lightness and durability | + | |
- | EXTRA GUY POINT | + | |
- | EXTRA GUY POINT | + | |
- | A0, | + | |
- | " | + | |
- | , | + | |
- | FULL | + | |
- | FLYSCREEN | + | |
- | DOOR | + | |
- | A | + | |
- | Club members have asked for their favourite bushwalking tent to be | + | |
- | modified in two very specific ways to better suit their particular needs. | + | |
- | Firstly a full size flyscreen for maximum ventilation and | + | |
- | Secondly two extra guy points on the pole itself for use in more | + | |
- | extreme conditions. | + | |
- | There are only a limited number of these special Microlights being produced. | + | |
- | So come into Alpsport soon and see one for yourself. | + | |
- | ONLY AVAILABLE AT | + | |
- | ALPSPORT | + | |
- | Nii.111111.11.01.111." | + | |
- | 11.......111.1111111r 1=11111.111.1.11111111111011.1 | + | |
- | NMEIMMIWINIall | + | |
- | 1111111.1.111I WNW NIMINIMMININI | + | |
- | .A | + | |
- | 1045 VICTORIA ROAD, WEST RYDE 2114 | + | |
- | PH: 9858 5844 | + | |
- | , | + | |
- | !Page 4 | + | |
- | A BICYCLE IN BURGUNDY | + | |
- | by Tom Wenrnan | + | |
- | 4 | + | |
- | Part le second: les adventures exciting de Tom continue. Last month we read how Tom had ridden 80 km in one day to arrive breathless and expectant in the medieval town of Semur. Now sitting in the luxurious splendour of the youth hostel watching le football on le television Tom plans his next moves. Read on. | + | |
- | Le Deuxierne | + | |
In the meantime I also decided not to mention much again about my own remarkable performance. The repeat question produced the same. answer, I was glad that I had refrained from further advertising my own achievements. | In the meantime I also decided not to mention much again about my own remarkable performance. The repeat question produced the same. answer, I was glad that I had refrained from further advertising my own achievements. | ||
+ | |||
The next morning I was away bright and early for today was the day that I was scheduled to get to Vezelay. I always feel that it is a good idea to achieve one's objective early in a trip and then one can relax and feel quite satisfied whatever. does or does not happen thereafter. | The next morning I was away bright and early for today was the day that I was scheduled to get to Vezelay. I always feel that it is a good idea to achieve one's objective early in a trip and then one can relax and feel quite satisfied whatever. does or does not happen thereafter. | ||
- | On the way however I was to pass through the delightful town of Avallon, similar to Semur with its medieval gateway and cobbled streets, but grown much bigger and therefore I found it not so attractive. With its mystical past disputing with the English Avalon, as the home of King Arthur, it was somewhere which I had long wished to see. Before I reached | + | |
- | I could have stayed there all day, but my quest beckoned, and I mounted once more my steed. Most of my way was by quiet country road where there was little traffic, and what there was, could be heard from some distance. French: drivers it seemed knew of two speeds, that with the foot planted flat to the floor boards | + | On the way however I was to pass through the delightful town of Avallon, similar to Semur with its medieval gateway and cobbled streets, but grown much bigger and therefore I found it not so attractive. With its mystical past disputing with the English Avalon, as the home of King Arthur, it was somewhere which I had long wished to see. Before I reached |
+ | |||
+ | I could have stayed there all day, but my quest beckoned, and I mounted once more my steed. Most of my way was by quiet country road where there was little traffic, and what there was, could be heard from some distance. French: drivers it seemed knew of two speeds, that with the foot planted flat to the floor boards | ||
I left the valley and took the road to Vezelay. After some while I reached the top of a hill, from which could be seen on a hill, not far away, the township of Vezelay and the Basalique Ste-Madeleine, | I left the valley and took the road to Vezelay. After some while I reached the top of a hill, from which could be seen on a hill, not far away, the township of Vezelay and the Basalique Ste-Madeleine, | ||
+ | |||
I cruised downhill to the village of St Pere, and then began the long uphill climb to my objective. | I cruised downhill to the village of St Pere, and then began the long uphill climb to my objective. | ||
- | It was a long uphill climb, but I declined to dismount to push my ' | + | |
- | The Sydney Bushwalker, January 1998 | + | It was a long uphill climb, but I declined to dismount to push my ' |
- | unfortunate necessity to have to travel along the ' | + | |
At last I reached the open area beyond which stood the church, the steps leading up to a superb doorway above which was a beautifully carved tympanum beneath a rounded arch, the Romanesque curve of which bespoke all that Vezelay is. Entrance however was gained by a side door, and after securely locking my cycle I entered into the narthex, a sort of waiting area prior to entering the nave itself. Above the great doors to the nave, another tympanum with most superb carving, and then through a door into the north aisle and the nave itself, a delicate picture of high rounded arches the alternate black and white stone giving it a Byzantine air, with the high clerestory windows providing an ethereal lightness. I sat entranced at its beauty. | At last I reached the open area beyond which stood the church, the steps leading up to a superb doorway above which was a beautifully carved tympanum beneath a rounded arch, the Romanesque curve of which bespoke all that Vezelay is. Entrance however was gained by a side door, and after securely locking my cycle I entered into the narthex, a sort of waiting area prior to entering the nave itself. Above the great doors to the nave, another tympanum with most superb carving, and then through a door into the north aisle and the nave itself, a delicate picture of high rounded arches the alternate black and white stone giving it a Byzantine air, with the high clerestory windows providing an ethereal lightness. I sat entranced at its beauty. | ||
- | A Happy and Prosperous New Year to all. | + | |
- | The Sydney Bushwalker, January 1998 page 5 | + | I wandered outside |
- | the canal, and soon made a friend in a fellow cyclist who was camped not far away from me. | + | |
+ | Time to seek out the youth hostel and check out the accommodation. For about twelve francs I camped in a pleasant field adjoining the hostel. Some Spartan showers were provided, and I emerged suitably cleansed and invigorated to explore the town and select a restaurant for my evening meal. | ||
+ | |||
+ | I dined on beef burgundy and enjoyed yet another excellent bottle of the local wine. "Is this' charolais?" | ||
+ | |||
+ | The next morning I enjoyed the pleasure of freewheeling down the hill which I had so laboriously climbed the day before. Then it was uphill from St Pere and on to my next quest, the Cistercian abbey of Fontenay, founded in 1118 and the oldest surviving Cistercian ensemble in France. More pleasant villages with cottages and roses, reserved chateaux and forbidding castles whose walls rose sheer and grim from the cattle pasture. On the way too, a most splendid display of wild flowers by the roadside. A pleasant sojourn for a beer in a village cafe, and then the thought, do I really want to push myself all the way to Fontenay, then a further strenuous day to return to the vicinity of Beaune? | ||
+ | |||
+ | I white anted myself and chose an easier route to Pouilly-en-Auxois, | ||
The following day again I was not disappointed by Commarin whose perfect round towers with their conical slate roofs rested majestically and peacefully, surrounded by green sward and broad placid moat. Once more I reluctantly left a peaceful and beautiful location and now pushed on to the fairytale castle I had first seen from the canal, Chateauneuf. | The following day again I was not disappointed by Commarin whose perfect round towers with their conical slate roofs rested majestically and peacefully, surrounded by green sward and broad placid moat. Once more I reluctantly left a peaceful and beautiful location and now pushed on to the fairytale castle I had first seen from the canal, Chateauneuf. | ||
- | I wandered outside and along the battlements which overlooked the surrounding country, field marked and mostly flat with the Parc du Morvan (a French equivalent of our national park). rising mysteriously to the south and east. I reflected upon the history of the place, for centuries, one of pilgrimage to the remains of Mary Magdelene in the crypt of the church, and the interesting vaulting of the nave, built in this way to favour the chanting of the monks of Cluny who built the' | + | |
- | Time to seek out the youth hostel and check out the Accommodation. For about twelve francs I camped in a pleasant field adjoining the hostel. Some Spartan showers were provided, and I emerged suitably cleansed and invigorated to explore the town and select a restaurant for my evening meal. | + | |
- | I dined on beef burgundy and enjoyed yet another ' | + | |
- | The next morning I enjoyed the pleasure of freewheeling down the hill which I had so laboriously climbed the day before. Then it was uphill from St Pere and ori to my next quest, the Cistercian abbey of Fontenay, founded in 1118 and the oldest surviving Cistercian ensemble in France. More pleasant villages with cottages and roses, reserved chateaux and forbidding castles whose walls rose sheer and grim from the cattle pasture. On the way too, a most splendid display of wild flowers by the roadside. A pleasant sojourn for a beer in a village cafe, and then the thought, do I really want to push myself all the way to Fontenay, then a further strenuous day to return to the vicinity of Beaune? | + | |
For the first time the steepness of the approach road defeated me and I was obliged to dismount, and thus entered the village on foot. I lunched in a pleasant square resplendent with red geraniums in large tubs and decorating the small water fountain. Cycling through the village, I dismounted at the entrance to the castle, and then entered it, across a deep moat, between powerful round towers. The castle courtyard was guarded by some impressive masonry, some of it albeit crumbling, but aloft floated the banner of the original owner. On inspection the castle proved all that it promised to be, although a little more dilapidated, | For the first time the steepness of the approach road defeated me and I was obliged to dismount, and thus entered the village on foot. I lunched in a pleasant square resplendent with red geraniums in large tubs and decorating the small water fountain. Cycling through the village, I dismounted at the entrance to the castle, and then entered it, across a deep moat, between powerful round towers. The castle courtyard was guarded by some impressive masonry, some of it albeit crumbling, but aloft floated the banner of the original owner. On inspection the castle proved all that it promised to be, although a little more dilapidated, | ||
+ | |||
Back downhill to the canal and the way was clear back to Savigny les Beaune and thence on to Beaune in the morning to catch the TGV, pronounced 'tay jay vay' I'd have you know, back to Paris. Fin. | Back downhill to the canal and the way was clear back to Savigny les Beaune and thence on to Beaune in the morning to catch the TGV, pronounced 'tay jay vay' I'd have you know, back to Paris. Fin. | ||
- | SBW SONG BOOK | + | |
- | The official "SBW Song Book" has been printed and is available to members at a cost of $5-00. Now you can sing around the campfire - no longer lost for words! There have been earlier songbooks, but this version has old songs (from 1930/40 etc.) and new songs (1960170 | + | =====SBW SONG BOOK===== |
- | I white anted myself and chose an easier route to Pouilly-en-Auxois, | + | |
- | The Sydney Bush Walkers, founded 1927. | + | The official |
- | Page 6 | + | |
- | TICKS: FOES OR FRIENDS? | + | |
+ | =====TICKS: FOES OR FRIENDS?===== | ||
By Stephen Doggett | By Stephen Doggett | ||
+ | |||
Anyone who has wandered through the Australian bush, particularly along the coastal fringe of eastern Australia, will have at some time in their life been bitten by ticks. The result is generally a mild itch at the bite site, but occasionally more severe consequences occur, which can be life threatening. Nevertheless, | Anyone who has wandered through the Australian bush, particularly along the coastal fringe of eastern Australia, will have at some time in their life been bitten by ticks. The result is generally a mild itch at the bite site, but occasionally more severe consequences occur, which can be life threatening. Nevertheless, | ||
- | What makes a tick, a tick? (Morphology). Ticks belong to the group of invertebrates known as the Arthropods, which also includes mites, spiders, insects and crustaceans. Australia has approximately 70 species and only a few are known to impact on human health. The most important tick by far, because of its ability to cause a variety of adverse effects, is the Paralysis tick, Ixodes holocyclus. The morphological features that distinguish ticks include, the possession of elongated mouthparts with rows of backward pointing teeth (which helps to anchor the tick in place once attached), and a structure called "Hailer's organ" which is present on both forelegs and has a sensory function for host detection. All ticks are external parasites on terrestrial vertebrates. | + | |
+ | **What makes a tick, a tick? (Morphology).** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ticks belong to the group of invertebrates known as the Arthropods, which also includes mites, spiders, insects and crustaceans. Australia has approximately 70 species and only a few are known to impact on human health. The most important tick by far, because of its ability to cause a variety of adverse effects, is the Paralysis tick, //Ixodes holocyclus//. The morphological features that distinguish ticks include, the possession of elongated mouthparts with rows of backward pointing teeth (which helps to anchor the tick in place once attached), and a structure called "Haller's organ" which is present on both forelegs and has a sensory function for host detection. All ticks are external parasites on terrestrial vertebrates. | ||
There are two groups of ticks, " | There are two groups of ticks, " | ||
- | The Life and Times of Ticks (The Life Cycle). | + | |
- | Once on a host, the tick will then search for a site to feed and this may take up to two hours before attaching. On humans, the attachment site is often on the less exposed areas of the body such as among head hairs and the groin area (commonly on the scrotum in men). With kangaroos, a favoured locality for attachment is on the soft eyelids. After a site is chosen, knife edge structures called ichelicerad cut into the flesh and the tick's mouthparts are inserted. To avoid accidental or deliberate removal, the lower surface of the mouthparts has a series of backward, | + | **The Life and Times of Ticks (The Life Cycle).** |
- | The Sydney Bushwalker, January 1998 | + | |
Ticks have four distinct life stages; egg, larva, nymph and adult, which in total takes one to two years to complete, depending on the species. An adult female Hard tick may lay 2-3,000 eggs in one batch, while Soft ticks lay only a few at a time. After hatching, the larvae (0.5-1mm in size) must obtain a protein source, ie. blood, to be able to moult to the next stage of its life. Ticks may actively search for a host; they can detect the carbon dioxide emitted from an animal' | Ticks have four distinct life stages; egg, larva, nymph and adult, which in total takes one to two years to complete, depending on the species. An adult female Hard tick may lay 2-3,000 eggs in one batch, while Soft ticks lay only a few at a time. After hatching, the larvae (0.5-1mm in size) must obtain a protein source, ie. blood, to be able to moult to the next stage of its life. Ticks may actively search for a host; they can detect the carbon dioxide emitted from an animal' | ||
- | For Hard ticks, the larvae will take blood from the host for several days and progressively swell up like a balloon, increasing maybe 100 fold in body weight. After engorgement, | + | |
- | A Happy and Prosperous New Year to all. | + | Once on a host, the tick will then search for a site to feed and this may take up to two hours before attaching. On humans, the attachment site is often on the less exposed areas of the body such as among head hairs and the groin area (commonly on the scrotum in men). With kangaroos, a favoured locality for attachment is on the soft eyelids. After a site is chosen, knife edge structures called ' |
- | The Sydney Bushwalker, January 1998- page 7 | + | |
- | children are, most susceptible. The main species responsible is the Paralysis Tick, while Ixodes hirsti from southwest Western Australia and Ixodes cornuatus from Tasmania have also been implicated but to a much lesser extent than Ixodes holoryclus. Signs of tick - envenomation include rOuced co-ordination, | + | For Hard ticks, the larvae will take blood from the host for several days and progressively swell up like a balloon, increasing maybe 100 fold in body weight. After engorgement, |
- | eggs.-and die. Adult male Hard ticks rarely feed froM arl animal, although will occasionally suck the blood (haemolymph) of a female tick, while she is attached to a host. | + | |
- | Soft ticks do not continually stay attached to the host during each life stage. Instead they occur in areas' | + | Soft ticks do not continually stay attached to the host during each life stage. Instead they occur in areas where animals rest, such as in bird nests and mammal |
- | For the bushwalker' | + | |
- | There are two unwanted side, effects that may occur as a tick feeds. Firstly, the anticoagulant that is pumped into the host, is often toxic, sometimes fatally so. Secondly, the tick may acquire _ a pathogen (a disease causing organism). When the tick feeds in later stages of its life, this pathogen can then be transmitted to other animals, including humans. | + | For the bushwalker' |
- | Scratch my Back and I'll Scratch Yours! (Allergic Reactions). | + | |
- | Allergic reactions in humans differ considerably between individuals. They can be in the form of a mild local 'skin reaction, to rashes accompanied by swelling with severe itching, to anaphylactic shock in hypersensitive individuals, | + | There are two unwanted side effects that may occur as a tick feeds. Firstly, the anticoagulant that is pumped into the host, is often toxic, sometimes fatally so. Secondly, the tick may acquire _ a pathogen (a disease causing organism). When the tick feeds in later stages of its life, this pathogen can then be transmitted to other animals, including humans. |
- | Feeling Numb? Could it be Paralysis? | + | |
- | The saliva from certain species of tick contains a toxin that can cause a fatal paralysis and | + | **Scratch my Back and I'll Scratch Yours! (Allergic Reactions).** |
- | Disease Spotting! | + | |
- | In Australia, the Spotted Fevers are the main diseases transmitted by ticks to humans. There are two types, Queensland Tick Typhus and Flinders Island Spotted Fever, although they are uncommon with less than 50 cases per year in New South Wales. These afflictions are caused by rickettsia, a group of primitive bacterial-like. organisms. The signs of tick typhus include multiple rashes, headaches, fever, flu-like symptoms and lymph node tenderness. Tick typhus is treated with antibiotics, | + | Allergic reactions in humans differ considerably between individuals. They can be in the form of a mild local skin reaction, to rashes accompanied by swelling with severe itching, to anaphylactic shock in hypersensitive individuals, |
- | The other tick transmitted syndrome that has been the subject of much debate in Australia is that of Lyme disease. Lyme disease is named after the district of Lyme in the United States where the disease was first recognised. It has become the second most important emerging disease in the United States behind AIDS, with | + | |
- | The Sydney Bush Walkers, founded 1927. | + | **Feeling Numb? Could it be Paralysis?** |
- | Page 8 The Sydney Bushwalker, January 1998 | + | |
- | around 10,000 new cases - annually. The symptoms of Lyme disease are varied, and can be easily confused with other syndromes. If left untreated, the long-terms effects of Lyme disease can be extremely debilitating. Fortunately, | + | The saliva from certain species of tick contains a toxin that can cause a fatal paralysis and children are, most susceptible. The main species responsible is the Paralysis Tick, while //Ixodes hirsti// from southwest Western Australia and //Ixodes cornuatus// from Tasmania have also been implicated but to a much lesser extent than //Ixodes holoryclus// |
- | tick species into Australia (as seen by a recent record of Dermacentor variabilis from the United States), is real and a high degree of vigilance must be maintained. | + | |
- | Beat the bite! (Prevention). | + | **Disease Spotting!** |
+ | |||
+ | In Australia, the Spotted Fevers are the main diseases transmitted by ticks to humans. There are two types, Queensland Tick Typhus and Flinders Island Spotted Fever, although they are uncommon with less than 50 cases per year in New South Wales. These afflictions are caused by rickettsia, a group of primitive bacterial-like. organisms. The signs of tick typhus include multiple rashes, headaches, fever, flu-like symptoms and lymph node tenderness. Tick typhus is treated with antibiotics, | ||
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+ | The other tick transmitted syndrome that has been the subject of much debate in Australia is that of Lyme disease. Lyme disease is named after the district of Lyme in the United States where the disease was first recognised. It has become the second most important emerging disease in the United States behind AIDS, with around 10,000 new cases annually. The symptoms of Lyme disease are varied, and can be easily confused with other syndromes. If left untreated, the long-terms effects of Lyme disease can be extremely debilitating. Fortunately, | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Feel like something Exotic? - Diseases beyond the ocean.** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Overseas, there is a huge range of tick borne diseases including those caused by various viral, bacterial, rickettsial and protozoan pathogens. Some of these diseases, such as Colorado Tick Fever in the United States, produce mild flu like symptoms which often go undiagnosed. Others like Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in the United States and Tick Borne Encephalitis throughout Europe, have high fatality rates (up to 30%) in untreated patients. Additionally, | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Beat the bite! (Prevention).** | ||
A variety of methods exist to reduce the possibility of tick bite and prevention is best achieved via some form of personal protection. People who bushwalk in tick infested areas need to use insect repellents, particularly those containing the chemical DEET, and these should be applied regularly to clothing. Once a tick is embedded into the skin, the preferable method for removal is to place a small amount of an insect repellent onto the tick, which kills the tick, and it can later be removed with the aid of a fine tipped pair of forceps. Other methods such as using nail polish remover, kerosene, vaseline or turps can cause the disgorgement of the gut contents into the host. For an animal in late stage paralysis, this may be fatal. If there are any ill effects after removing a tick, then a medical practitioner should be consulted. | A variety of methods exist to reduce the possibility of tick bite and prevention is best achieved via some form of personal protection. People who bushwalk in tick infested areas need to use insect repellents, particularly those containing the chemical DEET, and these should be applied regularly to clothing. Once a tick is embedded into the skin, the preferable method for removal is to place a small amount of an insect repellent onto the tick, which kills the tick, and it can later be removed with the aid of a fine tipped pair of forceps. Other methods such as using nail polish remover, kerosene, vaseline or turps can cause the disgorgement of the gut contents into the host. For an animal in late stage paralysis, this may be fatal. If there are any ill effects after removing a tick, then a medical practitioner should be consulted. | ||
- | Ticks our Friends? | + | |
- | In reality, ticks generally are more of a nuisance and tend to be only an occasional threat to our health, particularly if compared with other dangers which confront the bushwalker. Diseases from mosquitoes (especially Ross River disease) are far more common (by several hundred fold) and accidents while walking represents a much greater risk than any tick- borne disease. Of course, the Australian bush is the residence of the tick and it is we who intrude into their home, rather than vice-a-versa. We often forget that the Paralysis tick is a native animal and has every right to live and survive in its own natural habitat, as does something which we consider furry and cute. | + | **Ticks our Friends?** |
- | Feel like something Exotic? - Diseases beyond the ocean. | + | |
- | Overseas, there is a huge range of tick borne diseases including those caused by various viral, bacterial, rickettsial and protozoan pathogens. Some of these diseases, such as Colorado Tick Fever in the United States, produce mild flu like symptoms which often go undiagnosed. Others like Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in the United States and Tick Borne Encephalitis throughout Europe, have high fatality rates (up to 30%) in untreated patients. Additionally, | + | In reality, ticks generally are more of a nuisance and tend to be only an occasional threat to our health, particularly if compared with other dangers which confront the bushwalker. Diseases from mosquitoes (especially Ross River disease) are far more common (by several hundred fold) and accidents while walking represents a much greater risk than any tick-borne disease. Of course, the Australian bush is the residence of the tick and it is we who intrude into their home, rather than vice-a-versa. We often forget that the Paralysis tick is a native animal and has every right to live and survive in its own natural habitat, as does something which we consider furry and cute. |
- | establishment of these diseases, and also foreign | + | |
- | A Happy and Prosperous New Year to all. | + | As ticks require animals as source for blood, the presence of ticks in an area suggests a healthy environment, |
- | At Eastvvood Camping Centre | + | |
- | WE'LL GET YOU COVERED | + | **FURTHER READING** |
- | eastwood | + | |
- | ccarrptpvg | + | PEARN J. (1977). |
- | (02) 9858 3833 | + | |
- | Packs, Tents, Sleeping- bags, Abseiling gear & Ropes, Boots Clothing and everthing else you'll need to replace your prehistoric gear. | + | RUSSELL R.C., S.L. DOGGETT, R. MUNRO, J. ELLIS, D. AVERY, C. HUNT, and D. DICKESON. (1994). |
- | Give us a call now | + | |
- | 3 Trelawney Street (PO Box 131) Eastwood. N.S.W. 2122 | + | **WEB SITES** |
- | Page 10 The Sydney Bushwalker, January 1998 | + | |
- | As ticks require animals as source for blood, the | + | < |
- | presence of ticks in an area suggests a healthy | + | |
- | environment, | + | < |
- | marsupials. But, with urban development, | + | |
- | fragmentation, | + | < |
- | many other forms of human activity which | + | |
- | degrade native bushland, maybe it is the tick | + | **//About the author//**: Stephen Doggett is with the Department of Medical Entomology, University of Sydney & ICPMR, Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145. In November 1997 Stephen gave a talk about Ticks and other little things that bite to the SBW at the Kirribilli clubrooms. Stephen also can be reached via the Internet on E-mail < |
- | the greater threat and not us | + | |
- | that is under humans. | + | |
- | FURTHER READING | + | |
- | PEARN J. (1977). The Clinical Features of Tick Bite. Medical Journal of Australia. 2: 313-6. | + | |
- | RUSSELL R.C., S.L. DOGGETT, R. MUNRO, J. ELLIS, D. AVERY, C. HUNT, and D. DICKESON. (1994). Lyme disease: A search for the causative agent in ticks in southeastern Australia. Epidemiology and Infection. | + | |
- | 112: 375-384. | + | |
- | WEB SITES < | + | |
- | < | + | |
- | About the author: Stephen Doggett is with the Department of Medical Entomology, University of Sydney & ICPMR, Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145. In November 1997 Stephen gave a talk about Ticks and other little things that bite to the SBW at the Kirribilli clubrooms. Stephen also can be reached via the Internet on E-mail < | + | |
SOCIAL NIGHT: 28 JAN. 1998 | SOCIAL NIGHT: 28 JAN. 1998 | ||
At the clubroom: Alan Norman, senior NP&WS ranger based at Ulladulla south of Nowra will talk on wilderness and national parks management from the ranger' | At the clubroom: Alan Norman, senior NP&WS ranger based at Ulladulla south of Nowra will talk on wilderness and national parks management from the ranger' |
199801.txt · Last modified: 2015/12/09 08:05 by tyreless